Electromagnetic Spectrum

Complete Electromagnetic Spectrum Analysis of Polycarbonate and Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation

By: Nicolas Bouri President/CEO of Covid Clean

This report will analyze Electromagnetic Frequency( EMF) properties of Ultraviolet (UV) Stabilized Polycarbonate (PC) and its likely transmissive properties of the entire electromagnetic spectrum (EMF) as well as our Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Air-Purifier (UVGI-AP) technologies and Temporary Negative Pressure Isolation (TNPI) systems which we have several provisional patents on. We are presenting this information to show the likely transmission of Wireless Medical Telemetry Services (WMTS) through Ultraviolet

Stabilized Polycarbonate (UV PC) as no such study has been conducted. This report also shows factual evidence of transmission in the Near-Infrared(N-IR) visual light spectrum (VIS) and a complete block of wavelengths under 380nm where the UV range starts in relation to the UV PC being used on our TNPI systems.  Our mobile and modular Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Air-Purifying Temporary Negative Pressure Isolation (UVGI-AP-TNPI) systems may employ UV-PC to isolate patients affected by an airborne communicable disease.

We believe that the comfort and safety of patients and medical staff should be the world’s top priority. The use of UV-PC will impart considerable benefits in this regard when applied in a TNPI situation for the following reasons;

  1. UV PC allows the transmission of Telecom.
  2. UV PC allows the transmission of WMTS.
  3. UV PC allows the transmission of RF.
  4. UV PC allows the transmission of Near-IR.
  5. UV PC allows the transmission of VIS.
  6. UV PC blocks the transmission of UVGI
  7. UV PC allows the transmission of Wireless Energy.
Telecom:

Telecommunications such as cell phone signals are affected by several materials and great care is used in material selection in the industry to avoid gain loss of signals. UV-PC is an ideal candidate for the transmission in the area of TNPI as Non-UV Stabilized PC is the preferred material of choice in the installation of communication concealment. There is no indication there should be any differences between the two variants.

[See Covid Clean EMF Diagram]

WMTS:

Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) is a dedicated and protected frequency by the FCC in the 608–614, 1395–1400, and 1427–1432 MHz ranges used for the remote monitoring of a patient’s vital signs. Testing for Medical Telemetry frequency through UV Polycarbonate has not been conducted to our knowledge but it seems highly likely that UV PC will not affect these frequencies as testing in the 1,800-2,000MHz has been conducted by the University of North Texas on Lexan. The study conducted by the University of North Texas titled “Radio Frequency Propagation Differences Through Various Tranmismissive Materials” found that Lexan Polycarbonate recorded similar results to air in transmission efficiency in the range of 1,800-2000mhz.

A complete study of UV-PC of the entire EMF range should be completed and Covid Clean is ready to conduct these tests. Employed PC experts believe there should be no difference between the Lexan used in this study and UV-PC.

RF:

Wireless Headphones commonly transmit in the 2.4 GHz RF (radio frequency). This will allow patients to listen to audio transmitted from outside of the TNPI. 2.4 GHz is shown to transmit up to 300 feet and is a common band for WiFi. This signal is known to pass through structures effectively.

Near-IR:

The vast majority of remote controls transmit in the near-IR (infrared) at 930-950nm. You can see the Near-IR transmission is even higher (89% vs 85%) than the visual light spectrum (380-750nm) in the chart below. The UV PC being studied is considered transparent to the eye in the VIS (visual light spectrum). The use of near-IR devices in the TNPI is highly valuable for several reasons. The most obvious being that a patient can use a remote to control electronics such as a TV (television) located just outside of the Covid Clean TNPI.

The Human Visual Light Spectrum ranges from 380-750nm. Between 380 and 400 is where black-lights exist and because of this overlap between the VIS and UV a simple test to see if UV is actually blocked by the UV PC in question that purports to block wavelengths under 400nm. The test uses a black light in a pitch-black room to see if the light is able to block an object that is very reflective in this narrow (380-400nm) range such as a white paper since high-grade white papers are altered with fluorescents to make the material seem brighter and therefore command a higher resale price. If this can not be found other common substances can have a similar effect. These include banknotes, urine, anti-freeze, tonic water, and the Hope Diamond (if you are so lucky). 

The electromagnetic transmission rate drops below 80% around 1,600 and fluctuates in increasingly sharper and more shallow descending arches after this point to the end of the scale at approximately 2,300nm. Short dips below 80% are observed around 650nm, 1,100-1,200nm, and 1,350-1,400nm. None of which affect Near-IR which should transmit around 90%. Once the frequencies get lower transmission rates will increase and by the time they get to the next tier of valuable frequencies [WMTS] the function of the TNPI remains transmissive as much as air.

UVGI:

In an article by Medical Design Briefs titles “Polycarbonate Remains Proven and Preferred For Medical Applications” concluded that “ In addition to passing biocompatibility, FDA, and physical property requirements of the medical device, parts made from the resin must be able to undergo sterilization. PC has been shown to have excellent retention of physical properties when sterilized using the most common methods such as ethylene oxide gas, gamma, and e-beam radiation. The polycarbonate performance is maintained after sterilization of the device. Resulting parts are durable and have a long shelf life.” They also state “Polycarbonate is a proven material and offers significant benefits for medical applications. It is one of the most thoroughly tested plastics used today and has a safety track record of more than 50 years. It provides features such as strength and clarity that cannot be compromised for many medical devices. It can be sterilized using all of the common methods. For these reasons, it is the material of choice for demanding medical applications today and well into the future.”

In addition, UV PC blocks 99-100% of the EMF below 400nm. UVGI is primarily used at 254.7nm and is firmly in the UV-C range well below the blocking threshold providing a massive safety margin. UV light is used by the skin to synthesis vitamin D and is most effective at 293nm. Since this wavelength would be blocked in the TNPI extra assistance in the form of a focused diet or vitamin D3 supplementation should be used if extended periods of time are spent in this specific isolation solution.

 

By Wikimedia Commons – This file was derived from: Solar Spectrum.png, Public Domain,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7954711

The illustration above shows you that at sea level there is 0% EMF transmission below about 300nm in the atmosphere. The visual light spectrum starts at 750nm (red) and moves down to 380nm(violet). UV-A is between 400-320nm. (Notice there is an overlap of VIS and UV-A between 380nm and 400nm, this is where black-lights fall.) UV-B is from 320-280nm. UV-C is from 280-200nm. At 254.7nm biological organisms such as viruses have the highest absorption rate and are where UVGI is primarily focused. Viruses can not adapt to this powerful energy field as it starts knocking out the DNA structure instantly. This is why UV-C is very dangerous to Humans as it will destroy your skin and eyes.

However, David Brenner Theoretical Physicist from Columbia University has shown low power 222nm wavelengths are effective at killing viruses over time while not having the energy to penetrate the dead skin layer of humans. In a few years, we could live in a virus-free energy bubble of 222nm light invisible to human eyes. For now, 254.7nm technology is the go-to technology being produced at a scale that can handle the disinfection of fast-moving air within a UVGI-AP.

On the team, Covid Clean has a Professor of Physics less than an hour away from Chernobyl, Ukraine who has UVGI research, programming, and Data Science expertise is developing a calculator that will allow any critical care facility to calculate the effectiveness of the UVGI bulbs that they were able to be acquired for their AP’s. Production capacity will not allow uniform use across the US so this previously unavailable calculator will be of vital importance to ensure a deactivation rate of 99.99% in the UVGI-AP. Unfortunately, the largest companies in the US have offshored production of this vital technology and now we are experiencing shipment holdups in other countries so we need to work with what we can find for the time being and until we bring this vital resource back to US soil.

A simple Arduino board can be programmed to monitor UV intensity and adjust air-flow while still keeping Air Changes Per Hour (ACH) above the required 12 for isolation rooms and pressure above negative 0.03 in H20. We have conducted Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis on one of the most powerful supercomputers in the world and the numbers on our system are more than solid.

Wireless Energy:

In the last few years, 4 companies have come out with wireless technologies each with its own proprietary means of wireless energy. Some if not all have gained FCC approval. One relies on IR and another RF. There are pros and cons to each. The energy can be transmitted up to 5W and 30ft, more than enough for a medium-size room. Implementation is as easy as replacing a light bulb and screwing in the wireless energy device. Additional data on how each work will need to be assessed and then evaluated. Once we verify which wireless technology is the most effective and that it meets requirements set wireless medical telemetry devices used on the isolated patient can be charged wirelessly without the need for extra staff exposure. Cell phones and tablets can also be charged this way and can see rates as high as 5W. While not a strong charge the FCC restrictions may loosen and the charge rate may increase. Within a given day a continuous 5W charge is sufficient for most devices. For devices that need a direct connection, a medical service panel built into one of the PC sheets would be easy to construct and can be made airtight with cheap solutions.

Conclusion:

Covid Clean asserts the use of UV PC is the preferred material for temporary negative pressure isolation as it blocks 99-100% of the ultraviolet spectrum, allows near-IR transmission, RF signals, and is highly likely to be transparent to Medical Telemetry frequencies, used as a sound barrier, is 250x stronger than glass and has a strong fire rating of UL94. This special blend of UV PC is about as valuable as it can be!

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